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On this page
  • 1. Link
  • 2. 题目描述
  • 输入
  • 返回值
  • 3. 思路
  • 4. Coding

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  1. DataStructure
  2. Searching

Find power

PreviousSearchingNext2 Sum All Pair II

Last updated 3 years ago

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1. Link

2. 题目描述

给定一个double类型的浮点数base和int类型的整数exponent。求base的exponent次方。 保证base和exponent不同时为0。不得使用库函数,同时不需要考虑大数问题,也不用考虑小数点后面0的位数。 示例1

输入

复制

2.00000,3

返回值

复制

8.00000

3. 思路

  1. base^exponent = x^n = x^( 2^1 + 2^2 + .. + 2^n)= x^(2^1) * x^(2^2) *x^(2^3)* ...x^(2^n)

  2. 而其中 x^(2^i) 就是累积的base, i 代表把exponent的二进制里面的第i位,如果第i位为1,就乘上这个项

  3. 在while loop里面,每次计算 base *=base 来计算 x^(2^i)

  4. 之后可以通右移 exponent 的bit 看第一位bit是否为1,如果是就需要乘上对应的这个base

  5. 考虑到 exponent 可以为负数,需要提前把exponent取反,最后把结果倒数

  6. Time: O(logn), Space: O(1)

4. Coding

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
class Solution:
    def Power(self, base, exponent):
        #
        # write code here
        # base*base in iteration = base^1, base^2, base^4, base^8 
        #... = base^(2^0 + 2^1 + 2^2 + 2^3 + ....2^n)
        # res = x1* base^1 * x2*base^2 * x3*base^4* ...
        # xi = 1 or 0 bit depending on exponent 的bit 二进制位数
        #用于倒数
        sign = False
        if exponent <0:
            sign = True
            exponent *= -1
        res = 1
        # base^exp = base ^ (2^1 + 2^2 +.. 2^n)
        # = base^(2^1) * base^(2^2) * ... *base^(2^n)
        # 如果对于的base^(2^i) 是存在,就把那个base 乘上去 res里面
        while exponent >0:
            if exponent & 1 ==1:
                res = res * base
            exponent >>= 1
            # 计算每个base^(2^i)
            base *= base
        return 1/res if sign else res

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